Although Roman legions were formidably strong, they were best suited to fighting enemies on foot; against horsemen wielding swords, they could gather in a defensive formation and break the attack using gladius and pilum once the enemy had approached enough, but archers on a horse represented a dangerous issue for the legionaries.An example of such …
We all know the greatness of Rome, but how did it manage to become, arguably, the most important empire of history?Surely not through peace and mere trades.War represented the blood and bones of every Roman, and it could not be otherwise, since its founders, the brothers Romulus and Remus, were the children of no less …
Believed to have originated in Scandinavia, the Vandals were an East Germanic tribe, first mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder (77 CE), then by Tacitus in his Germania (98 CE). The origin of their name is still covered in mystery, and we cannot even tell for sure if Vandals was actually their …
A question comes naturally: who led the early Germanic communities?Did they have a king or a ruler similar to the Roman model?Well, it seems that no central authority was present, at least at the time when Caesar writes: while in peace, a local figure would sometimes interfere with the disputes within the village - or …
Based on the description provided by Julius Caesar, we know that the Germanic peoples were mostly pastoralists - relying on milk, cheese and meat -, and agriculture was developed only limited to grain, root crops and vegetables. From the Roman perspective, we also know that horses and cattle, in general, were of poorer quality compared …
Tacitus also distinguished the individual tribes and their territories: the Chatti lived in modern Hesse, the Frisii inhabited the coastland between the Rhine and the Ems, while the mouth of the Weser was home of the Chauci and Cherusci (Arminius’ tribe). The Suebi occupied the territories of Thuringia, Saxony, Brandenburg and Mecklenburg, with Semnones and …
Obscure and soaked in mystery, the origins of the Germanic people who thrived in Northern Europe go back thousands of years.We know, from some historical reports and archaeological discoveries, that during the Bronze Age (3000 - 1200 BCE, ca) they inhabited the territories of modern south Sweden and Norway, Denmark, and North Germany; some of …
Within the Wolf's Mind 